This is where the voltage is stepped up to 100V to enable the signal to travel further without degradation.  Usually used in commercial applications where there may be many hundreds of speakers over a large distance for example in a hospital. 

Transformers are used to bring the line voltage back down to a voltage the speaker can handle.  Most 100V line speakers have a "tapped" transformer where the installer can choose the volume the speaker will put out. 

This is especially useful where the speaker is at the end of a long run and needs a higher voltage to provide a SPL consistent the other speakers in the installation, or where a graded SPL is required, for example in a shop where the speakers near the door need to be run at a louder setting to overcome street noise, but at the back of the shop or over the cash register a lower volume is desired. 

Many 100V line speakers also have a setting for standard 25V "Speaker Level" use - usually the 8ohm setting, or simply bypassing the transformer alltogether and connecting directly to the input of the crossover or driver terminals will work fine.

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